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Services

Goal

Learn how to...

  • define a service
  • access the service

Task 1: Create and use a service

Service are launched in parallel to the regular job to add missing functionality, e.g. a database backend to execute integration tests. See the official documentation and modify the pipeline:

  1. Create service for the whole pipeline based on the container image nginx:1.20.2
  2. Add a new job test-service to the stage test with the following code: 
    curl -s http://nginx
  3. Make sure the new job only executes when pushing to main

Afterwards check the pipeline in the GitLab UI. You should see a successful pipeline run.

Hint (Click if you are stuck)

The service is defined globally in the gitlab-ci.yml using the keyword services:

services:
- nginx:1.20.2
Solution (Click if you are stuck)

gitlab-ci.yml:

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workflow:
  rules:
  - if: $CI_DEPLOY_FREEZE
    when: never
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'push'
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'web'
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'schedule'
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'merge_request_event'
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'pipeline'
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'api'
    when: never
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'trigger'
    when: never

include:
- local: go.yaml

.run-on-push-to-default-branch:
  rules:
  - if: '$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "push" && $CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH'

.run-on-push-and-in-mr:
  rules:
  - if: '$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "push" && $CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH'
  - if: '$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "merge_request_event"'

stages:
- check
- build
- test
- deploy
- trigger

default:
  image: golang:1.19.2

services:
- nginx:1.20.2

lint:
  stage: check
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-and-in-mr
  script:
  - go fmt .

audit:
  stage: check
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-and-in-mr
  script:
  - go vet .

unit_tests:
  stage: check
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-and-in-mr
  script:
  - go install gotest.tools/gotestsum@latest
  - gotestsum --junitfile report.xml
  artifacts:
    when: always
    reports:
      junit: report.xml

build:
  stage: build
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-and-in-mr
  - .build-go

test:
  stage: test
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-and-in-mr
  - .test-go

test-service:
  stage: test
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-to-default-branch
  script:
  - curl -s http://nginx

deploy:
  stage: deploy
  rules:
  - if: '$CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME == "dev" || $CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME == "live"'
  environment:
    name: ${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}
  before_script:
  - apt-get update
  - apt-get -y install curl ca-certificates
  script:
  - |
    curl https://seat${SEAT_INDEX}.${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}.webdav.inmylab.de/ \
        --fail \
        --verbose \
        --upload-file hello-linux-amd64 \
        --user seat${SEAT_INDEX}:${PASS}

pages:
  stage: deploy
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-to-default-branch
  image: alpine
  script:
  - cp hello-linux-amd64 public/hello
  artifacts:
    paths:
    - public

trigger:
  stage: trigger
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-to-default-branch
  trigger:
    include: child.yaml

If you want to jump to the solution, execute the following command:

git checkout upstream/160_gitlab_ci/220_services -- '*'

Task 2: Move the service into the job

The above task forced a second container to be created for every job although only one job has used the service. Optimize resource usage by moving the service into the job test-service.

Afterwards check the pipeline in the GitLab UI. You should see a successful pipeline run.

Solution (Click if you are stuck)

gitlab-ci.yml:

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workflow:
  rules:
  - if: $CI_DEPLOY_FREEZE
    when: never
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'push'
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'web'
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'schedule'
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'merge_request_event'
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'pipeline'
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'api'
    when: never
  - if: $CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == 'trigger'
    when: never

include:
- local: go.yaml

.run-on-push-to-default-branch:
  rules:
  - if: '$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "push" && $CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH'

.run-on-push-and-in-mr:
  rules:
  - if: '$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "push" && $CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME == $CI_DEFAULT_BRANCH'
  - if: '$CI_PIPELINE_SOURCE == "merge_request_event"'

stages:
- check
- build
- test
- deploy
- trigger

default:
  image: golang:1.19.2

lint:
  stage: check
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-and-in-mr
  script:
  - go fmt .

audit:
  stage: check
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-and-in-mr
  script:
  - go vet .

build:
  stage: build
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-and-in-mr
  - .build-go

test:
  stage: test
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-and-in-mr
  - .test-go

test-service:
  stage: test
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-to-default-branch
  services:
  - nginx:1.20.2
  script:
  - curl -s http://nginx

deploy:
  stage: deploy
  rules:
  - if: '$CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME == "dev" || $CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME == "live"'
  environment:
    name: ${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}
  before_script:
  - apt-get update
  - apt-get -y install curl ca-certificates
  script:
  - |
    curl https://seat${SEAT_INDEX}.${CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME}.webdav.inmylab.de/ \
        --fail \
        --verbose \
        --upload-file hello-linux-amd64 \
        --user seat${SEAT_INDEX}:${PASS}

pages:
  stage: deploy
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-to-default-branch
  image: alpine
  script:
  - cp hello-linux-amd64 public/hello
  artifacts:
    paths:
    - public

trigger:
  stage: trigger
  extends:
  - .run-on-push-to-default-branch
  trigger:
    include: child.yaml

This was just a demonstration. The changes will not be preserved in the following chapters.